ABP Commercial Penetration Test Report

The ABP Commercial MVC v8.1.0 application template has been tested against security vulnerabilities by the OWASP ZAP v2.14.0 tool. The demo web application was started on the https://localhost:44349 address. The below alerts have been reported by the pentest tool. These alerts are sorted by the risk level as high, medium, and low. The informational alerts are not mentioned in this document.

Many of these alerts are false-positive, meaning the vulnerability scanner detected these issues, but they are not exploitable. It's clearly explained for each false-positive alert why this alert is a false-positive.

In the next sections, you will find the affected URLs, attack parameters (request-body), alert descriptions, false-positive explanations, and fixes for the issues. Some positive alerts are already fixed or needed additional actions that can be taken by you. The issue links for the fixes are mentioned in each positive alert.

Alerts

There are high (red flag), medium (orange flag), low (yellow flag), and informational (blue flag) alerts.

The informational alerts are not mentioned in this document. These alerts are not raising any risks on your application and they are optional.

Path Traversal [Risk: High] - False Positive

[GET] - https://localhost:44349/api/audit-logging/audit-logs?startTime=&endTime=&url=&userName=&applicationName=&clientIpAddress=&correlationId=&httpMethod=audit-logs&httpStatusCode=&maxExecutionDuration=&minExecutionDuration=&hasException=true&sorting=executionTime+desc&skipCount=0&maxResultCount=10 (attack: httpMethod=audit-logs)
[POST] - https://localhost:44349/Account/Login (attack: \Login)
[POST] - https://localhost:44349/Identity/SecurityLogs (attack: \SecurityLogs)

Description:

The Path Traversal attack technique allows an attacker access to files, directories, and commands that potentially reside outside the web document root directory. An attacker may manipulate a URL in such a way that the website will execute or reveal the contents of arbitrary files anywhere on the web server. Any device that exposes an HTTP-based interface is potentially vulnerable to Path Traversal.

Solution:

This is a false-positive alert since ABP Framework does all related checks for this kind of attack on the backend side for these endpoints.

SQL Injection [Risk: High] - False Positive

[POST] — https://localhost:44349/Account/Login (attack: *1q2w3E AND 1=1 --**)
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/AuditLogs (attack: GET' AND '1'='1' --)
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/Identity/SecurityLogs (attack: admin' AND '1'='1)
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/LanguageManagement/Texts (attack: true" AND "1"="1" --)
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/Account/Manage?CurrentPassword=ZAP%27+AND+%271%27%3D%271%27+--+&NewPassword=ZAP&NewPasswordConfirm=ZAP

Description:

SQL injection may be possible. SQL injection is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to interfere with the queries that an application makes to its database. It allows an attacker to view data that they are not normally able to retrieve and perform unauthorized actions.

Explanation:

ABP uses Entity Framework Core and LINQ. It's safe against SQL Injection because it passes all data to the database via SQL parameters. LINQ queries are not composed by using string manipulation or concatenation, that's why they are not susceptible to traditional SQL injection attacks. Therefore, this is a false-positive alert.

SQL Injection - Authentication Bypass [Risk: High] - False Positive

[POST] - https://localhost:44349/Account/Login?returnUrl=%2FAccount%2FManage (attacks: 1q2w3E AND 1=1 --* and admin OR 1=1)

Description:

SQL injection may be possible on a login page, potentially allowing the application's authentication mechanism to be bypassed.

Solution:

This alert indicates that we must not trust client side input (even if there is client side validation in place) and check all data on the server side. ABP Framework already does that and makes server-side validations while authenticating a user. Therefore this is a false-positive alert.

Absence of Anti-CSRF Tokens [Risk: Medium] — False Positive

[GET] - https://localhost:44349/Account/LinkUsers/LinkUsersModal?returnUrl=/SettingManagement
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/Manage (same URL with different query parameters)
[GET] - https://localhost:44349/HostDashboard
[GET] - https://localhost:44349/SettingManagement?handler=RenderView&id=Volo.Abp.Account

Description:

No Anti-CSRF tokens were found in an HTML submission form. A cross-site request forgery is an attack that involves forcing a victim to send an HTTP request to a target destination without their knowledge or intent in order to perform an action as the victim. The underlying cause is application functionality using predictable URL/form actions in a repeatable way. The nature of the attack is that CSRF exploits the trust that a website has for a user. By contrast, cross-site scripting (XSS) exploits the trust that a user has in a website. Like XSS, CSRF attacks are not necessarily cross-site, but they can be. Cross-site request forgery is also known as CSRF, XSRF, one-click attack, session riding, confused deputy, and sea surf.

Explanation:

This is a false-positive alert because ABP provides the Anti-CSRF token via a cookie as seen on the following screenshot:

Application Error Disclosure [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/api/audit-logging/audit-logs?startTime=&endTime=&url=&userName=&applicationName=&clientIpAddress=&correlationId=&httpMethod=GET&httpStatusCode=&maxExecutionDuration=&minExecutionDuration=&hasException=&sorting=executionTime%20desc&skipCount=0&maxResultCount=10
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/AuditLogs

Description:

This page contains an error/warning message that may disclose sensitive information like the location of the file that produced the unhandled exception. This information can be used to launch further attacks against the web application. The alert could be a false positive if the error message is found inside a documentation page.

Explanation:

There are only two URLs that are reported as exposing error messages. This is a false-positive alert. The Audit Logging Module, shows request & response details and exception information, these are not sensitive information and only can be seen by the users whose related permissions are granted.

Content Security Policy (CSP) Header Not Set [Risk: Medium] — Positive (Fixed)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/MultiTenancy/TenantSwitchModal
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/AuthorityDelegation/AuthorityDelegationModal
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/AuthorityDelegation/DelegateNewUserModal
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/ForgotPassword (other several account URLS)
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/Manage (other several account URLS)

Description:

Content Security Policy (CSP) is an added layer of security that helps to detect and mitigate certain types of attacks, including Cross Site Scripting (XSS) and data injection attacks. These attacks are used for everything from data theft to site defacement or distribution of malware. CSP provides a set of standard HTTP headers that allow website owners to declare approved sources of content that browsers should be allowed to load on a certain page — covered types are JavaScript, CSS, HTML frames, fonts, images and embeddable objects such as Java applets, ActiveX, audio, and video files.

Solution:

Ensure that your web server, application server, load balancer, etc. are configured to set the Content-Security-Policy header, to achieve optimal browser support: "Content-Security-Policy" for Chrome 25+, Firefox 23+, and Safari 7+, "X-Content-Security-Policy" for Firefox 4.0+ and Internet Explorer 10+, and "X-WebKit-CSP" for Chrome 14+ and Safari 6+.

This vulnerability has fixed in ABP v7.0. You can check the related issue from github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/14173. You can configure the AbpSecurityHeadersOptions and set the UseContentSecurityPolicyHeader property as true to add the Content-Security-Policy header into your application:

Configure<AbpSecurityHeadersOptions>(options => 
{
   options.UseContentSecurityPolicyHeader = true; //false by default
});

See the documentation for more info.

Format String Error [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/api/language-management/language-texts?filter=&resourceName=&baseCultureName=ZAP%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%0A&targetCultureName=cs&getOnlyEmptyValues=false&sorting=name+asc&skipCount=0&maxResultCount=10
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/LanguageManagement/Texts/Edit?name=%27%7B0%7D%27+and+%27%7B1%7D%27+do+not+match.&targetCultureName=cs&resourceName=AbpValidation&baseCultureName=ZAP%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%0A
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/Languages/Switch?culture=ZAP%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%0A&returnUrl=%2F&uiCulture=ar
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/ApplicationLocalizationScript?cultureName=ZAP%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%25n%25s%0A
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/Account/Login (same URL with different parameters)
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/AuditLogs

Description:

A Format String error occurs when the submitted data of an input string is evaluated as a command by the application.

Solution:

Rewrite the background program using proper deletion of bad character strings. This will require a recompile of the background executable.

Explanation:

The first four affected URLS are false-positive alerts since it's already fixed and there is not any bad character string in the responses of these endpoints anymore. (It displays an error message such as: "The selected culture is not valid! Make sure you enter a valid culture name.").

The last URL is also a false-positive alert because there is no bad character string in the response. For example, you can see the response as the following and as seen there are no invalid chars in the response:

Volo.Abp.Validation.AbpValidationException: ModelState is not valid! See ValidationErrors for details.
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Mvc.Validation.ModelStateValidator.Validate(ModelStateDictionary modelState)
   at Volo.Abp.Account.Web.Pages.Account.IdentityServerSupportedLoginModel.OnPostAsync(String action)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages.Infrastructure.ExecutorFactory.GenericTaskHandlerMethod.Convert[T](Object taskAsObject)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages.Infrastructure.ExecutorFactory.GenericTaskHandlerMethod.Execute(Object receiver, Object[] arguments)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages.Infrastructure.PageActionInvoker.InvokeHandlerMethodAsync()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages.Infrastructure.PageActionInvoker.InvokeNextPageFilterAsync()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages.Infrastructure.PageActionInvoker.Rethrow(PageHandlerExecutedContext context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages.Infrastructure.PageActionInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.RazorPages.Infrastructure.PageActionInvoker.InvokeInnerFilterAsync()
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeNextExceptionFilterAsync>g__Awaited|26_0(ResourceInvoker invoker, Task lastTask, State next, Scope scope, Object state, Boolean isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ExceptionContextSealed context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.InvokeNextResourceFilter()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Rethrow(ResourceExecutedContextSealed context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.Next(State& next, Scope& scope, Object& state, Boolean& isCompleted)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.InvokeFilterPipelineAsync()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeAsync>g__Logged|17_1(ResourceInvoker invoker)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Infrastructure.ResourceInvoker.<InvokeAsync>g__Logged|17_1(ResourceInvoker invoker)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing.EndpointMiddleware.<Invoke>g__AwaitRequestTask|6_0(Endpoint endpoint, Task requestTask, ILogger logger)
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Serilog.AbpSerilogMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.UseMiddlewareExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_1.<<UseMiddlewareInterface>b__1>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Auditing.AbpAuditingMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Auditing.AbpAuditingMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.UseMiddlewareExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_1.<<UseMiddlewareInterface>b__1>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerUI.SwaggerUIMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext httpContext)
   at Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger.SwaggerMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext httpContext, ISwaggerProvider swaggerProvider)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization.AuthorizationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.IdentityServerMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context, IEndpointRouter router, IUserSession session, IEventService events, IBackChannelLogoutService backChannelLogoutService)
   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.MutualTlsEndpointMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context, IAuthenticationSchemeProvider schemes)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at IdentityServer4.Hosting.BaseUrlMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Uow.AbpUnitOfWorkMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.UseMiddlewareExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_1.<<UseMiddlewareInterface>b__1>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.ExceptionHandling.AbpExceptionHandlingMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.ExceptionHandling.AbpExceptionHandlingMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.UseMiddlewareExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_1.<<UseMiddlewareInterface>b__1>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.MultiTenancy.MultiTenancyMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.UseMiddlewareExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_1.<<UseMiddlewareInterface>b__1>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.ApplicationBuilderAbpJwtTokenMiddlewareExtension.<>c__DisplayClass0_0.<<UseJwtTokenMiddleware>b__0>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authentication.AuthenticationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at Volo.Abp.AspNetCore.Tracing.AbpCorrelationIdMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.UseMiddlewareExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_1.<<UseMiddlewareInterface>b__1>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Localization.RequestLocalizationMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.RequestLocalization.AbpRequestLocalizationMiddleware.InvokeAsync(HttpContext context, RequestDelegate next)
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder.UseMiddlewareExtensions.<>c__DisplayClass6_1.<<UseMiddlewareInterface>b__1>d.MoveNext()
--- End of stack trace from previous location ---
   at Microsoft.AspNetCore.Diagnostics.DeveloperExceptionPageMiddleware.Invoke(HttpContext context)

HEADERS
=======

Host: localhost:44349
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:92.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/92.0
Cache-Control: no-cache
Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded
Cookie: .AspNetCore.Culture=c%3Des%7Cuic%3Des; XSRF-TOKEN=CfDJ8JCCBt_8KiVKkbkXtzq6V1BEYfhL6Rn88RfFmrkfC8EzpKhj8ZWhGP8HT8Su_7q2wcmhITLg9rrh-Pj-Tu2c88c--wQg5UvXiQBVc_LqlQiqzMUWyxSrrxDIq22_1kmRA62cvIOrUkGLe4ezmZIYCRU; .AspNetCore.Antiforgery.x3gzYhuqPJM=CfDJ8JCCBt_8KiVKkbkXtzq6V1Ar3NwJpY9vG9eyrUYeAySYBUHsTHCmdGylFpjWOKf6CGVEnPNtJP3FDmgWIXe8le2DgOYxcAIkBkM5W1bybUkamp4yVbDYcimwEswXU1tsMSv3el885ZapGup7WneIcZo
Pragma: no-cache
Referer: https://localhost:44349/Account/Login
Content-Length: 639
X-Correlation-Id: 2c103514abd44a17b1ec792b6a5c1dc3

XSLT Injection [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/Languages/Switch?culture=%3Cxsl%3Avalue-of+select%3D%22system-property%28%27xsl%3Avendor%27%29%22%2F%3E&returnUrl=%2F&uiCulture=ar
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/Account/Manage (other several account URLS)
[POST] — https://localhost:44349/AuditLogs

Description:

Injection using XSL transformations may be possible and may allow an attacker to read system information, read and write files, or execute arbitrary code.

Explanation:

This is a false-positive alert. v8.1.0 uses .NET 8 and the XSLT transformation is not possible on .NET5 or higher.

Application Error Disclosure [Risk: Low] — False Positive

[POST] — https://localhost:44349/Account/ImpersonateUser

Description:

The reported page contains an error/warning message that may disclose sensitive information like the location of the file that produced the unhandled exception. This information can be used to launch further attacks against the web application. The alert could be a false positive if the error message is found inside a documentation page.

Explanation:

This vulnerability was reported as a positive alert because the application ran in Development mode. ABP Framework throws exceptions for developers in the Development environment. We set the environment to Production and re-run the test, then the server sent a 500-Internal Error without the error disclosed. Therefore this alert is false-positive. Further information can be found in the following issue: github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/14177.

Cookie No `HttpOnly` Flag [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349 (and there are several URLs)
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/Languages/Switch?culture=ar&returnUrl=%2FAccount%2FForgotPassword%3FreturnUrl%3D%2522%252F%253E%253Cxsl%253Avalue-of%2520select%253D%2522system-property(%2527xsl%253Avendor%2527)%2522%252F%253E%253C!--&uiCulture=ar (and there are several URLs)
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/ApplicationConfigurationScript

Description:

A cookie has been set without the secure flag, which means that the cookie can be accessed via unencrypted connections.

Explanation:

The following alert is related to the next alert. Therefore, to understand this alert, you can take a look at the next alert: Cookie Without Secure Flag [Risk: Low]

Cookie Without Secure Flag [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349 (and there are several URLs)
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/Languages/Switch?culture=ar&returnUrl=%2F%3Fpage%3D%

Description: A cookie has been set without the secure flag, which means that the cookie can be accessed via unencrypted connections. The following cookies don't have an httponly flag.

XSRF-TOKEN (Anti CSRF token cookie)
.AspNetCore.Culture (ASP.NET Core culture cookie)

Explanation:

All the pages that are setting the XSRF-TOKEN and .AspNetCore.Culture cookies in the HTTP response are reported as "No HttpOnly Flag" vulnerability. This is a positive-alert.

Note for IDS4 users: The idsrv.session cookie is being used in IDS4 and after ABP 6.x, ABP switched to OpenIddict (github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/7221). Therefore, this cookie is not being used in the current startup templates and you can ignore this note if you have created your application after v6.0+. However, if you are still using Identity Server 4, there is an issue related to the idsrv.session cookie, it cannot be set as HttpOnly; you can see the related thread at its own repository: github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4/issues/3873

The .AspNetCore.Culture and XSRF-TOKEN cookies are being retrieved via JavaScript in ABP Angular, MVC and Blazor WASM projects. Therefore they cannot be set as HttpOnly. You can check out the following modules that retrieve these cookies via JavaScript:

Setting XSRF-TOKEN cookie as HttpOnly:

If you want to set it, you can do it in the AbpAntiForgeryOptions class.

Setting .AspNetCore.Culture cookie as HttpOnly:

If you want to set it, you can do it in the AbpRequestCultureCookieHelper class. Set the option as HttpOnly = true.

The related issue for this alert can be found at github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/14214.

Cookie with SameSite Attribute None [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349 (and there are several URLs)
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/ApplicationConfigurationScript
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/ForgotPassword (and there are several URLs)
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/Languages/Switch?culture=ar&returnUrl=%2F%3Fpage%3D%252FAccount%252F%7E%252FAccount%252FLogin&uiCulture=a (and there are several URLs)

Description:

A cookie has been set with its SameSite attribute set to none, which means that the cookie can be sent as a result of a cross-site request. The SameSite attribute is an effective counter measure to cross-site request forgery, cross-site script inclusion, and timing attacks.

Solution:

Ensure that the SameSite attribute is set to either lax or ideally strict for all cookies. You can see the Amazon.com SameSite attribute policy. We discussed setting the SameSite attribute to strict in the following issue github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/14215 and decided to leave this change to the final developer.

Cookie without `SameSite` Attribute [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/Languages/Switch?culture=ar&returnUrl=%2F&uiCulture=ar (and there are several URLs with different parameters of https://localhost:44349/Abp/Languages/Switch endpoint)

Description:

Solution:

Ensure that the SameSite attribute is set to either lax or ideally strict for all cookies. We discussed setting the SameSite attribute to strict in the following issue github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/14215 and decided to leave this change to the final developer.

Information Disclosure - Debug Error Messages [Risk: Low] — False Positive

[GET] - https://localhost:44349/AuditLogs

Description:

The response appeared to contain common error messages returned by platforms such as ASP.NET, and Web-servers such as IIS and Apache. You can configure the list of common debug messages.

Solution:

Disable debugging messages before pushing them to production.

Explanation:

The response of the endpoints above return localization texts which are not real error messages. As there is no real error in the backend side, this vulnerability is a false-positive alert.

Strict-Transport-Security Header Not Set [Risk: Low] - False Positive

[DELETE] — https://localhost:44349/api/feature-management/features?providerName=E&providerKey=49dfb08f-f5ed-0b61-8d37-3a0fc6b61679
[DELETE] — https://localhost:44349/api/identity/claim-types/4c580525-c08f-9280-f729-3a0fc6b9c3fa
[DELETE] — https://localhost:44349/api/language-management/languages/6b311a44-65bd-14ea-1a21-3a0e778b41d5
[DELETE] — https://localhost:44349/api/saas/tenants/c77b1554-5837-3303-9983-3a0e77824bb3
[DELETE] — https://localhost:44349/api/openiddict/scopes?id=af5a66e2-7cbb-cf69-7301-3a0fc6bb0ebf
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/ApplicationConfigurationScript
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/ApplicationLocalizationScript?cultureName=zh-Hant
other URLS...

Description:

HTTP Strict Transport Security (HSTS) is a web security policy mechanism whereby a web server declares that complying user agents (such as a web browser) are to interact with it using only secure HTTPS connections (i.e. HTTP layered over TLS/SSL). HSTS is an IETF standards track protocol and is specified.

Solution:

Enabling HSTS on production.

Explanation:

This vulnerability was reported as a positive alert because the application ran in Development mode. We enable HSTS on Production mode as can be seen in the image below, therefore this is a false-positive alert.

Timestamp Disclosure - Unix [Risk: Low] - False Positive

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/libs/zxcvbn/zxcvbn.js?=

Description:

A timestamp was disclosed by the application/web server - Unix

Solution:

Manually confirm that the timestamp data is not sensitive, and that the data cannot be aggregated to disclose exploitable patterns.

Explanation:

This vulnerability was reported as a positive alert, because ABP uses the zxcvbn library for password complexity indicators. This library is one of the most password strength estimator and it's being used widely and it does not disclosure any sensitive data related to web server's timestamp and therefore it's a false-positive alert.

Other Alerts

The following alerts are reported by the community or our customers.

Disclosed Microsoft Client Secret [Risk: Medium] - Positive (No need for a fix)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/setting-management

Description:

Secrets shall never be exposed to unauthorized parties. This exposure can result from improper storage, insecure transmission, or inadequate access controls. In this specific case the owner of the user account is authorized to read and modify the secret. In case of administrative accounts, it could lead to further damages, by performing lateral movements, by using the credentials to access other services.

Explanation:

The endpoint /setting-management/ requires permission to be visited and can only be accessed via authorized users. It is the setting page to configure the application settings including

Incorrect Session Handling – Insufficient Session Termination [Risk: Low] - Positive

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/Logout

Description:

Application logout functionality does not terminate the user's session. This increases the risk of unauthorized application access via successful session hijacking attacks, users leaving their computers unattended, and/or a local attacker utilizing the browser history. On logout, user sessions should be invalidated and all relevant session identifiers, authentication tokens and application state information deleted or overwritten both on server and on client side.

Explanation:

You can track the status of this case at github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/19576.

Information Disclosure via Configuration Scripts [Risk: Low] - Positive (No need for a fix)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/ApplicationConfigurationScript or https://localhost:44349/api/abp/application-configuration
[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Abp/ServiceProxyScript

Description:

When users authenticate to the application, their browsers issue requests to 2 endpoints that host configuration scripts for the application framework. The first contains information about the passwords that are accepted by the application. This information can be used by the attackers to narrow down their dictionaries and only focus on the possible passwords for their attacks. The second, on the other hand, discloses some endpoints that are unavailable to the users with low privileges.

Explanation:

Application Configuration Script

These 2 endpoints are used by ABP application templates. The first one /Abp/ApplicationConfigurationScript provides configuration and user based definitions with JSON format. This data is important for SPA based applications to get the current language, localization texts, policies, settings, user info, current tenant or time zone information. This is not a data leak. User specific data can only be accessed after user logon. Other data are application-wide used not dangerous for unauthenticated users. For more information about Application Configuration, check out docs.abp.io/en/abp/latest/API/Application-Configuration
Service Proxy Script

This endpoint provides auto-generated JavaScript AJAX call methods for the backend operations. This may disclosure information about the host API methods. On the other hand, it makes easy to consume the HTTP APIs from JavaScript side. ABP Application Services are automatically converted to JavaScript proxies. But it does not mean that these JavaScript methods can be executed anonymously. The attacker still needs to log in to perform operations. For more information about Service Proxy Script, check out docs.abp.io/en/abp/latest/UI/AspNetCore/Dynamic-JavaScript-Proxies. If you want to disable this functionality, check out github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/12297

User E-mail Address Enumeration [Risk: Low] - Positive

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/Account/ForgotPassword

Description:

It is possible to collect valid email addresses by interacting with the "Forgot Password" function of the application. This vulnerability is useful to increase the efficiency of brute force attacks.

Explanation:

If the email is known, it is easier to find the corresponding password. With the "Forgot Password" function, the attacker can enumerate valid email addresses as the function returns Cannot find the given email error, when there is no user registered with the provided e-mail address. The following issue has been opened for this vulnerability, you can follow it at github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/19588.

Software Version Disclosure [Risk: Low] - Positive (No need for a fix)

[GET] — https://localhost:44349/

Description:

The assessed web server discloses its version number within the HTTP response headers. This information facilitates attackers in planning future attacks and can be used in the automation of the attack process. It is unnecessary to share this information with the clients of the web application. The vulnerability can be verified by issuing HTTP requests and inspecting HTTP response headers. HTTP header "Server" contains the version information. The following header was received in server responses: Server: Microsoft-IIS/10.0 or Server: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0.

Explanation:

This is not directly related to ABP Framework. It's a header added by the IIS server. So you can disable this header with the web.config file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<configuration>
    <system.webServer>
        <security>
            <requestFiltering removeServerHeader="true" />
        </security>
    </system.webServer>
</configuration>

The following issue has been opened for this vulnerability, you can follow it at github.com/abpframework/abp/issues/19589.

ABP Commercial Penetration Test Report

Alerts

Path Traversal [Risk: High] - False Positive

SQL Injection [Risk: High] - False Positive

SQL Injection - Authentication Bypass [Risk: High] - False Positive

Absence of Anti-CSRF Tokens [Risk: Medium] — False Positive

Application Error Disclosure [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

Content Security Policy (CSP) Header Not Set [Risk: Medium] — Positive (Fixed)

Format String Error [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

XSLT Injection [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

Application Error Disclosure [Risk: Low] — False Positive

Cookie No `HttpOnly` Flag [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Cookie Without Secure Flag [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Cookie with SameSite Attribute None [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Cookie without `SameSite` Attribute [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Information Disclosure - Debug Error Messages [Risk: Low] — False Positive

Strict-Transport-Security Header Not Set [Risk: Low] - False Positive

Timestamp Disclosure - Unix [Risk: Low] - False Positive

Other Alerts

Disclosed Microsoft Client Secret [Risk: Medium] - Positive (No need for a fix)

Incorrect Session Handling – Insufficient Session Termination [Risk: Low] - Positive

Information Disclosure via Configuration Scripts [Risk: Low] - Positive (No need for a fix)

User E-mail Address Enumeration [Risk: Low] - Positive

Software Version Disclosure [Risk: Low] - Positive (No need for a fix)

Was this page helpful?

Thank you for your valuable feedback!

In this document

What's new in .NET 9?

Mastering ABP Framework

ABP Commercial Penetration Test Report

Alerts

Path Traversal [Risk: High] - False Positive

SQL Injection [Risk: High] - False Positive

SQL Injection - Authentication Bypass [Risk: High] - False Positive

Absence of Anti-CSRF Tokens [Risk: Medium] — False Positive

Application Error Disclosure [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

Content Security Policy (CSP) Header Not Set [Risk: Medium] — Positive (Fixed)

Format String Error [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

XSLT Injection [Risk: Medium] - False Positive

Application Error Disclosure [Risk: Low] — False Positive

Cookie No HttpOnly Flag [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Cookie Without Secure Flag [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Cookie with SameSite Attribute None [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Cookie without SameSite Attribute [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Information Disclosure - Debug Error Messages [Risk: Low] — False Positive

Strict-Transport-Security Header Not Set [Risk: Low] - False Positive

Timestamp Disclosure - Unix [Risk: Low] - False Positive

Other Alerts

Disclosed Microsoft Client Secret [Risk: Medium] - Positive (No need for a fix)

Incorrect Session Handling – Insufficient Session Termination [Risk: Low] - Positive

Information Disclosure via Configuration Scripts [Risk: Low] - Positive (No need for a fix)

User E-mail Address Enumeration [Risk: Low] - Positive

Software Version Disclosure [Risk: Low] - Positive (No need for a fix)

Was this page helpful?

Thank you for your valuable feedback!

In this document

What's new in .NET 9?

Mastering ABP Framework

Cookie No `HttpOnly` Flag [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)

Cookie without `SameSite` Attribute [Risk: Low] — Positive (No need for a fix)